Floating platform to obtain electric power

ABSTRACT

Floating platform fixed to bottom of a mass of water, provided with shovel wheels or helixes or turbines fixed to platform, lathe in that an anchorage cable is rolled by a recoverable spring or connected to anchorage by a rod-crank, and solar cells, they allow to transform the kinetic energy of the waves, aquatic currents and eolic energy in electricity by connecting the axes of shovel wheels or helixes or turbines to electricity generators, electricity generators to adapter circuits, and adapter circuits and solar cells to electric accumulators.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] Spanish patent applications P200200272 dated Feb. 2, 2002 and P200100640 Mar. 16, 2001, they are priority.

[0002] Patent W9914489, priority date Sep. 18, 1997: a buoy, located near coast, it picks up wave movements being transmited said movements through levers.

[0003] Patent W9527850, priority date Apr. 8, 1994: a fixed tube to sea bottom with a turbine, wave movements produce an air current into tube that moves turbine.

[0004] Patent W9524555, priority date Mar. 11, 1994, obtaining of energy of tides by using level differences and by collecting movements by pistons.

[0005] The present invention, by using floating platforms, takes advantage of kinetic energy of the sea, and solar radiation on the surface of platforms. To pick up kinetic energy they are provided helixes, turbines, lathes and cables, by generating circular movements that are transmitted to electric generators (essentially of direct current).

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] A floating platform located on a water surface (sea, river, lake, . . . ) it has many movements, tides, currents, waves, winds, etc.. Summarizing, there are two types of movements of the water: oscillatory (surf) or displacement (currents). In both types, water movements can be transformed in circular movements by providing a fixed benchmark, by example, by means of an anchorage from platform to bottom of the water.

[0007] Turbines or helixes can pick up both types of water movements, while shovel wheels only displacement movements.

[0008] An appropriate system to pick up oscillatory movements is by connecting anchorage on bottom of the water to a rod-crank mechanism and this rod-crank to an axis. An alternative system is that the anchorage cable rolls /unrolls up an axis with a helical recoverable spring. The axis that picks up the movement can be in the platform or on bottom of the water.

[0009] The obtained circular movements, applied on axes, they can become electric power easily.

[0010] It is not necessary that these circular movements are always in the same sense if the appropriate electric circuits are provided. So, a circular movement applied on a direct current generator produces an alternating current, and this AC, through a rectifier, it can load an accumulator, and accumulator can feed an oscillator that produces an AC suitable to be transmitted to an electric net.

[0011] Also, the surface occupied by platform is profitable itself, by example, by providing solar cells or eolic helixes that take advantages from storage and transport mechanisms of electric power of the invention.

[0012] It is possible to change the anchorage to bottom of the water by anchorage to a weight that rests on bottom of the water, being the weight sufficiently big.

[0013] Ending, the system can be adapted to use on deep bottoms, by example on high seas, by changing anchorage to bottom of water by a hanging weight, having the cable a certain length and elasticity.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0014]FIG. 1. Platform—catamaran to obtain electric power,

[0015]FIG. 2. Platform—buoy, adapted to pick up energy from strong waves.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] It is schematized in FIG. 1

[0017] Floating platform formed by two ship hulls (catamaran) (1, 2), specially suitable to be fixed at entrance of an estuary, where there are waves, tide flow and reflux, and solar exposition.

[0018] Between the two ship hulls, there is a lathe (3), to this lathe rolls up a cable (4). Cable is fixed to sea bottom by a ring (5), or by a big weight, so that it cannot be moved by movements of the platform. Cable length is the biggest height that can reach the platform, including action of waves, staying stretched with lower tide or in the valley of a wave, by effect of a helical spring (6), by acting on the lathe regarding anyone of catamaran hulls. The axis of lathe is connected to an electricity generator (7) of direct current, this generator is connected to a rectifier, and this rectifier is connected to an accumulator battery (not represented).

[0019] On both sides of the catamaran there are helixes, turbines or shovel wheels (8, 9). Axes of wheels (10, 11), through suitable mechanical transmissions they are connected to direct current generators (12, 13), rectifiers and accumulator batteries (not represented). Also there is an electric motor (not represented) that moves shovel wheels to move the catamaran to another place.

[0020] The catamaran also is provided with a security anchorage, and helms to prow and stern (devices not represented).

[0021] Catamaran deck is covered by solar cells (14) which are connected to accumulators.

[0022] Accumulators feed an oscillator, giving an alternating electric current, with the wanted tension and frequency.

[0023] Functioning is as following:

[0024] With strong surfs its effect prevails over water displacement. Platform raises and goes down, fixation cable (4) is rolled and unrolled up on lathe (3), inducing a sway movement on said lathe. By this sway movement, the direct current generator (7) generates an alternating current, this current, rectified, can be stored in a battery of electric accumulators.

[0025] Without waves, tide flow and reflux induces currents of water in the estuary that acts on the shovel wheels (8,9) by transmitting the movement to its associate generators (12, 13), being generated electricity as previous paragraph.

[0026] With solar light, the solar cells (14) receive solar energy that is stored in electric accumulators.

[0027] The accumulator battery acts as unifier, by feeding an oscillator that produces an electric alternating current, with phase and frequency suitable to be transported long distances.

[0028] The platform can be moved by using its own electric motor and stored electric power, or being towed.

OTHER EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0029] Use of Quick and Violent Oscillatory Movement (Waves)

[0030] It is schematized in FIG. 2.

[0031] Another possibility to take advantage of quick and violent movements of waves, it is with a buoy-platform (20) with cylindrical shape, having a turbine or helix (21) with its rotation surface horizontally.

[0032] Over this buoy-platform, and surrounding it, there is a containment tube (22) of superior height to the highest waves that can take place where the buoy-platform is anchored (regarding the valley of waves). The tube has valves to bail (23), acting when into tube there is water, and waves go down.

[0033] Lathe (24) is located, by example, in a lateral of the buoy-platform, it has a pawl (25) that avoids that cable unrolling up, but it premits that cable rolling up. The pawl is unlocked by effect of water on a control buoy (26), located lightly above the tube. This special feature of lathe is to fix the buoy-platform (20) in the nearest position to valley of waves in each moment because tides change height of sea.

[0034] Functioning is as following:

[0035] Helix or turbine is located substantially in valley of waves by effect of pawl (25) on lathe (24), by maintaining “short” the cable to sea bottom.

[0036] When a wave raises, water inundates containment tube (22) penetrating in the same through the turbine or helix (21), and therefore moving turbine or helix.

[0037] When a wave goes down, containment tube is emptied through valves to bail (23).

[0038] When sea level goes down (by tide, or because waves increase size), the cable rolls up on lathe (24), lowering the buoy-platform regarding sea bottom.

[0039] When sea level raises, the buoy-platform (20) maintains its position regarding the sea bottom because the cable cannot be unrolled by effect of the pawl (25).

[0040] But, if sea level raises so much that it surpasses containment tube (22), sea actuates control buoy (26), unlocking pawl (25), allowing unrolling cable, and therefore the buoy-platform (20) raises in relation with sea bottom.

[0041] The movement of the helix or turbine (21) produces electric power by transmitting the movement to electric generator (27) through axes (28).

[0042] Other Specialized Uses

[0043] Developing some mechanisms of invention and suppressing others, it is possible to take advantage from specific situations, like previous paragraph.

[0044] In this way, a better use of waves can be obtained through movements of lathe, by unloading the platform of the rest of elements, reducing the platform to simple buoy, and moving some mechanisms to sea bottom. Buoy movements (up and down by waves) they attract-release cable. This cable is unrolls-rolls up on lathe axis, this lathe is fixed on sea bottom, inducing a sway movement that is changed to electric current as it is known already. If option is putting the mechanisms inside the buoy, a hole must be arranged for passing cable, or buoy must be shaped as a inverted U, placing between the sticks of the U the axis of lathe, with what, the cable rolls/unrolls up buoy externally.

[0045] When the only thing profitable they are the currents (be. in a river or channel), it is not necessary to fix the platform through a lathe mechanism. Platform can be fixed mooring to bank, by anchors to river bottom, or by tie to other platforms. In this case, if water current has an unique sense (rivers), the electric generator can be an AC generator, and rectifier, accumulator and oscillator can be saved.

[0046] If waters are immobile, helixes, turbines or shovel wheels are unnecessary, and reception of solar energy should be developed, being the raft shape the suitable platform in this case.

[0047] Alternatives to Electronic Circuits

[0048] Instead to use rectifiers, for each axis can be provided two direct current generators, one in each axis ends, with a pawl mechanism that allows each generator rotate in a single sense, opposed to generator of the other end, being connected each generator directly to accumulators.

[0049] Special Anchorage Shapes

[0050] It is possible invention use in deep waters, by hanging a weight from cable, having the cable a suitable length. Inertia weight works as an anchorage.

[0051] Also a platform can be anchored to a weight. The weight can have some mechanisms of the invention, unloading the platform.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION

[0052] According with previous paragraphs it is possible to take advantage from all the aquatic, natural or artificial surfaces.

[0053] In addition, if batteries of platforms with developed capacity to capture energy from waves, are fixed near a coast, they can be used like breakwater, because the platforms absorb a part of kinetic energy of waves.

[0054] A frequent special use can be when the captured energy is used in the own platform, like in signaling buoys. 

I claim for:
 1. A method to obtain electric power from masses of water by using kinetic energy of water and from surfaces of water characterized in that a floating platform is anchored to a anchorage point placed at the bottom of mass of water, coast or other floating platforms on the mass of water, through an anchorage cable, the movements of water are picked up through a set of turbines or helixes or shovel wheels installed in the platform, when the movement of the water is oscillatory, this movement is picked up by an oscillatory axis connected to the anchorage cable with a rod-crank mechanism, or also with the anchorage cable rolling/unrolling up on the oscillatory axis, like in a lathe, with a recoverable helical spring, a set of solar cells or eolic helixes are installed on the surface of platform, the movement picked up by each said axis of turbine, helix, shovel, lathe or eolic helix feeds a direct current generator, said direct current generator feeds an accumulator, through a rectifier if the axis movement is oscillatory, or directly in other case, the electric direct current from the solar cells feeds the accumulator, the accumulator feeds an oscillator to obtain an alternating current.
 2. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the anchorage cable longitude is changed according with variation of water level.
 3. The method of claim 1 characterized in having an anchorage weight resting on the bottom.
 4. The method of claim 3, characterized in that the anchorage weight is formed by the mechanisms of generation, accumulation and transformation of electric power, properly isolated.
 5. The method of claim 3, characterized in that the anchorage point is the oscillatory axis.
 6. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the anchorage to bottom of water is a weight hanging from the anchorage cable, being the cable elastic.
 7. A floating platform to obtain electric power from masses of water by using kinetic energy of water and from surface of water characterized in that: an anchorage point placed on the bottom of water, coast or another floating platform, an anchorage cable connecting said anchorage point to a oscillatory axis, directly rolling/unrolling up on said oscillatory axis, or through a rod-crank, the length of the anchorage cable, or the set of the anchorage cable and the rod-crank, is the maximum from the bottom of water to the top of water, including the height of waves, the oscillatory axis has a recoverable helical spring to rolling up the remaining anchorage cable, the oscillatory axis is connected to a direct current generator, a helm or a keel to maintain a constant address in a current of water, a set of helixes, turbines or shovels wheels, being arranged on the lateral of the floating platform, being parallel to the helm or the keel, to pick up energy from currents of water, and eolic helix on the free surface of the floating platform, a axis connecting each said helix, turbine, shovels wheel or eolic helix to a direct current generator, each said direct current generator is connected to an accumulator through a rectifier if the axis movement is oscillatory, or directly in other case, a set of solar cells covering the free surface of the floating platform, the solar cells are connected to the accumulator, an oscillator is connected to the accumulator, to produce a alternate current with suitable frequency and voltage, a security anchorage device.
 8. The floating platform of claim 7, making the oscillatory axis as anchorage point, being its associate electric generator on the bottom of water, being directly fixed the anchorage cable to the floating platform.
 9. A floating platform to obtain electric power from masses of water according to claim 7, specially oriented to pick up kinetic energy from oscillatory movements as waves, characterized in having a helix or turbine arranged in a horizontal plane, lightly submerged regarding the valley of waves, a containment tube, height sensibly similar to the biggest wave height, width enough to surround the helix or turbine completely, concentric to the helix or turbine, when a wave raises the containment tube induces a water current in the helix or turbine, the containment tube having valves to bail when the wave goes down to control the position of the plane of the helix or turbine, the oscillatory axis has a pawl device that blocks unrolling the anchorage cable, the pawl being unblocked by effect of a control buoy located lightly above the containment tube, when a wave reaches up the control buoy.
 10. The floating platforms of claims 7 to 9, being said floating platforms similar to a ship, with one or several hull, said ship can move.
 11. The floating platform of claim 10 being auto-propelly, particularly by an electric motor fed by the electric accumulator.
 12. A floating platform to obtain electric power from masses of water according to claims 7, specially oriented to pick up kinetic energy from oscillatory movements as waves, characterized in that the floating platform is unloaded to contain only the oscillatory axis, the anchorage cable, the helical spring, the direct current generator, the rectifier, the accumulators, the oscillator and the security anchorage device.
 13. The floating platform of claim 12, being said floating platform a buoy, having the devices into its body, entering the anchorage cable through a hole.
 14. The floating platform of claim 13, being the buoy shaped as an invested U, having the oscillatory axis between the the two sticks of the invested U, rolling/unrolling up the anchorage cable externally to the buoy.
 15. The buoy of claims 13 or 14, used for marine signaling, by auto-feeding of electricity.
 16. A floating platform to obtain electric power from masses of water, according to claims 7 to 15, characterized in that the oscillatory axis has a direct current generator in each one of its ends, with a pawl device to rotate each generator in a single sense, opposed to the generator of the other end, being connected each generator directly to the accumulator.
 17. A floating platform to obtain electric power from masses of water according to claim 7, specially oriented to pick up kinetic energy from currents of water, as rivers and estuaries, characterized in that the floating platform is unloaded to contain only an alternate current generator connected directly to the lateral turbines, helixes or wheels.
 18. A floating platform battery according to claim 17, specially oriented to the intensive exploitation of a current of water, characterized in having several floating platforms with a transverse configuration regarding the course of water, as a bridge of boats.
 19. A floating platform battery according to claim 17, specially oriented to the intensive exploitation of a current of water, characterized in having several floating platforms with a longitudinal configuration regarding the course of water.
 20. A floating platform battery according to claims 12 to 14, specially oriented to the intensive exploitation of a sea coast, characterized in having several floating platforms, in one or several lines, with parallel disposition regarding the coast, to a certain distance of the sea shore.
 21. A floating platform to obtain electric power from masses of water according to claim 7, specially oriented to pick up solar energy in quiet waters characterized in that the floating platform is shaped substantially as a raft, being unloaded to contain only the solar cells, the accumulator and the oscillator.
 22. A floating platform to obtain electric power from masses of water according to claim 7, specially oriented to pick up solar energy in quiet waters characterized in that the floating platform is shaped substantially as a raft, being unloaded to contain only the eolic helix, the generators, the accumulator and the oscillator.
 23. An use of the floating platforms of the invention characterized in that the floating platforms are provided in natural aquatic means as open sea, coasts, estuaries, rivers, lakes, . . . ; and in artificial aquatic means as channels, reservoirs, . . . 